Recent UMass Chan Publications

Although azacitidine (AZA) and decitabine (DEC) demonstrate comparable efficacy in AML, prior data suggest that DEC may induce deeper TP53 mutation clearance and higher response rates; however, direct comparisons in TP53-mutant (TP53-MT) AML are lacking. We conducted a large multicenter retrospective analysis to compare outcomes between DEC- and AZA-based induction, including combinations with ven...

Transcriptional-enhanced associate (TEA)/transcriptional enhanced factor (TEF) domain transcription factors (TEAD1-4) regulate the transcriptional output of Hippo signaling by interacting with the coactivators Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and play a crucial role in animal development and tumorigenesis. Much of the regulation of the TEAD-...

CONCLUSION: The predictors identified in this study may help guide management when 2 or 3 of the primary treatment options carry clinical equipoise.

CONCLUSIONS: D+DST was noninferior to D+TLIF at 2 years, supporting its effectiveness in treating Grade I DS+stenosis.

CONCLUSIONS: While nominal compensation rose, inflation-adjusted compensation and protected time for EUS leaders declined even as programs and billing expanded. This provides important data for individual and program benchmarking.

Leptin, an adipokine primarily secreted by adipose tissue, has been implicated in tumor progression by regulating angiogenesis. Leptin also plays a key role in tumor vascularization by promoting vasculogenic mimicry (VM). During tumor progression, leptin activates several signaling pathways, including the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. This study aimed to determine whether leptin promotes an...

CONCLUSION: This study indicates that rural and urban caregivers' interest in services is similar; however, rural veterans receive fewer HCBS than their urban counterparts. This study highlights potential gaps in the service pathway for rural caregivers. It provides insights into which specific services might benefit from targeted interventions to improve access and utilization for veterans in rur...

Huntington's disease (HD) is marked by progressive neuronal loss and atrophy of grey matter structures, particularly the caudate and putamen. Brain imaging studies reveal that the white matter starts to decay in the brain of individuals bearing the HD mutation many years before symptomatic onset. However, the mechanism by which the HD mutation causes white matter loss remains to be further defined...

CONCLUSION: Signal yield was independently associated with match success. Applicants from the 2025 cycle ranked in-person interview programs at higher average positions on their rank lists than virtual programs. In 2026, there was a substantial return to in-person interviews.

CONCLUSIONS: Adults with CD in Puerto Rico exhibited poor diet quality that was associated with gut microbial diversity and exploratory differences in clinical outcomes. While these findings support the influence of diet on the microbiome and clinical outcomes, larger longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether dietary improvements can influence disease outcomes this underrepresented popu...

Frailty predicts adverse outcomes in kidney transplant candidates, but it remains unclear whether different frailty tools identify the same or distinct at-risk patients. In this retrospective cohort study, 953 kidney transplant candidates listed between 2018 and 2022 underwent frailty assessment using both the FRAIL (Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, Weight Loss) scale and Short Physical...

CONCLUSIONS: While incarcerated, patient MOUD preferences are informed by several factors spanning social-ecological levels that allow MOUD receipt with more ease (i.e., quicker receipt at intake) and flexibility (i.e., dose changes), and fewer negative interpersonal and individual experiences (i.e., poor interactions, withdrawal, side effects). Patient-guided treatment adaptations have the potent...

CONCLUSION: Clinical features alone may be predictive in identifying a subset of patients with SBO who require emergent operative management. Future research is needed to refine these predictive models and develop scoring systems that incorporate other diagnostic modalities, such as ultrasound, to both diagnose SBO and identify low-risk patient populations. Patients identified as low risk based on...

CONCLUSION: Nursing cognitive work arises from nurses' existing knowledge, available information, and cognitive capacity. It is characterized by complex, nonlinear, dynamic, and multidimensional cognitive processes. Cognitive work has consequences for the development of nursing knowledge and expertise, nurses' mental strain and emotional exhaustion, and nurses' ability to provide safe, high-qualit...

CONCLUSION: Robotic proctectomy was slightly more likely than laparoscopy to yield an optimal composite pathologic specimen, while both approaches achieved similar long-term survival. It remains uncertain whether these marginal differences are attributable to technical factors or other influences, and future studies should identify which patients derive the greatest benefit from a robotic approach...

Despite advancements in psychiatry, individuals with serious mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder, experience long-term and severe impairment in their social and occupational functioning, low rates of recovery, and mortality rates significantly higher than the general population. Current therapeutic and pharmacological treatments are vital bu...

There is a global syndemic of HIV, mental health challenges, substance use, and structural barriers. Critical to local HIV prevention efforts is understanding this syndemic in the context of rising stimulant use to inform intervention development. Adhering to the EPIS model, we conducted 32 in-depth individual qualitative interviews with people who use stimulants and have unmet structural needs to...

CONCLUSIONS: Medicine discontinuation in Brazil from 2014 to 2024 is mainly temporary and occurs for generics and branded-generics due to commercial decisions. The findings highlight the complexity of supply continuity and the importance of strategies that include diversifying supply sources, strengthening regulatory oversight, and improving monitoring and communication systems.

Acetaminophen and salicylate are among the most widely used nonprescription analgesics and are common causes of toxic medication overdose. Diagnostic and management approaches differ depending on whether toxicity results from a single acute ingestion or chronic supratherapeutic use. Although acetaminophen and salicylate toxicity are well studied, controversies remain regarding management. This rev...

CONCLUSIONS: Trauma APPs represent diverse educational backgrounds, certifications, and responsibilities, with provider-to-patient ratios varying widely across settings. Educational requirements remain minimally defined and are primarily limited to advanced trauma life support certification. Standardized trauma-specific competencies are needed to ensure consistent high-quality care.

Results suggest that psychosocial treatments for chronic pain work via several mechanisms, and that they often do so to similar degrees and in similar ways. Extant research, however, has focused on individual and/or independent effects of mechanisms on outcomes. Whether successful outcomes are also partly because of sequential and meaningful relationships among and between mechanisms-mechanism-to-...

CONCLUSIONS: Among trauma patients undergoing FAST, positive examinations were independently associated with ED transfusion and severe internal injury. Although limited by small numbers, indeterminate FAST examinations demonstrated similarly elevated risk and should not be considered reassuring; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. These findings support the use of FAST as an ...

Small and medium sized congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) have an overall low risk of malignant potential. This case demonstrates a pediatric patient with a small CMN positive for LINC00518 (LINC) and preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) on a non-invasive molecular test not yet validated in children. Although her nevus had not evolved, the availability of a molecular test and curios...

RNA splicing has historically been thought to be highly efficient and accurate, with little opportunity for deviation from regulated alternative splicing. This dogma has been challenged by recent observations that biological noise may contribute substantially to transcriptome diversity. However, quantitative understanding of stochastic splicing variation is challenging because these transcripts ar...

CONCLUSIONS: Most incidental CT report wording of inguinal hernias do not lead to referral or surgery and clinical correlation is important. Primary care evaluations may help identify patients who warrant surgical consultation while reducing unnecessary referrals.

CONCLUSIONS: Over 25 years of COG experience, photon therapy has transitioned from 3D conformal to IMRT/VMAT, while PRT use has continued to expand, particularly in CNS and RST trials. These trends highlight how pediatric cooperative-group studies continue to shape national standards and underscore the need for future work linking modality adoption with toxicity, survivorship, and access across di...

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CONCLUSIONS: The proposed DL approach can effectively suppress the imaging noise in cardiac-gated SPECT images without inducing distortion in LV function measurements, with potential applicability across different imaging platforms.

CONCLUSIONS: Although causal conclusions are not possible, findings from this national longitudinal study suggest a beneficial impact of the 2010 Comprehensive Women's Health Policy upon attrition from VA care among new women veteran VA patients. The effects of more recent legislation expanding veterans' health care access deserve attention, to confirm whether in this changed landscape, women vete...

CONCLUSION: We developed and validated a predictive ML model for cSSI with information available to healthcare professionals at the time of hospital discharge. This model suggests that the most predictive risk factors for cSSI include length of hospital stay, primary indication for cesarean delivery, and estimated blood loss. Additionally, the model provides reasonable risk stratifications for ind...