Skip to main content
Skip to search
Skip to main menu
Skip to footer area
Site Menu
Search
Close Search
Search the Research site
Search
A-Z
|
Search All UMass Chan Sites
Intranet
Search
Close Search
Search the Research site
Search
A-Z
|
Search All UMass Chan Sites
Research
Basic Research
Basic Research
Limited Submissions
UMass Chan Early Independence Fellows Program
Research Computing Office
Clinical Research
Investigator resources
Investigator resources
Research Compliance
Research Cores
Sponsored Programs
Voucher Program
Education
Careers
Additional Resources
Intranet
Page Menu
Research RSS
Total:
30
results
Rheumatoid arthritis and subsequent fracture risk: an individual person meta-analysis to update FRAX
CONCLUSIONS: A diagnosis of RA confers an increased risk of fracture that is largely independent of BMD, sex, and corticosteroids. RA should be retained as a risk factor in future iterations of FRAX with updated risk functions to improve fracture risk prediction.
Efficacy and safety of nerinetide in acute ischaemic stroke in patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy without previous thrombolysis (ESCAPE-NEXT): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial
BACKGROUND: In the ESCAPE-NA1 trial, treatment with nerinetide, an eicosapeptide that interferes with post-synaptic density protein 95, was associated with improved functional outcome among patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion undergoing endovascular thrombectomy without co-treatment with an intravenous thrombolytic agent. There was no benefit when intravenous thrombo...
Disparities in Diagnosis: A Call for Equity in Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis Care
No abstract
Use, Benefits, and Barriers to Financial and Credit Counseling Among Veterans According to Financial Counselors and Other Subject Matter Experts
CONCLUSION: Financial and money management interventions produce positive outcomes but should consider more effective modes in which to extend reach, education, and build trusting relationships in effort to increase financial stability and quality of life among low-income veterans.
Oligogenic structure of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has genetic testing, counselling and therapeutic implications
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings represent the first large-scale, case-control assessment of oligogenicity in ALS and show that oligogenic events involving known ALS risk genes are relevant for disease risk in ~6% of ALS but not necessarily for disease onset and survival. This must be considered in genetic counselling and testing by ensuring to use comprehensive gene panels even when a pathogenic variant...
Raver1 links Ripk1 RNA splicing to caspase-8-mediated pyroptotic cell death, inflammation, and pathogen resistance
Multiple cell death and inflammatory signaling pathways converge on two critical factors: receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) and caspase-8. Careful regulation of these molecules is critical to control apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammation. Here, we found a pivotal role of Raver1 as an essential regulator of Ripk1 pre-mRNA splicing, expression, and functionality and the subseq...
Transforming Informed Consent Generation Using Large Language Models: Mixed Methods Study
CONCLUSIONS: The Mistral 8x22B LLM showed promising capabilities in enhancing the readability, understandability, and actionability of ICFs without sacrificing accuracy or completeness. LLMs present a scalable, efficient solution for ICF generation, potentially enhancing participant comprehension and consent in clinical trials.
Scratch-Induced Deformation Behavior of Wire-Arc Directed Energy Deposited α-Titanium
This study investigates the scratch response of α-phase commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) produced via wire arc directed energy deposition (WDED), focusing on the thermal history and directional effects. Progressive scratch tests (1-50 N) revealed heterogeneous wear properties between the top and bottom layers, with the top layer exhibiting higher material recovery (58 ± 5%) and wear volume (5.02...
Systems neuroimmunology: current bottlenecks, research priorities and future directions
No abstract
Missed Opportunities to Address SNAP for Nonenrolled Children
CONCLUSION: In a nationally representative sample of children who were potentially eligible but nonenrolled in SNAP, we found low primary care attendance in 2021 with evidence of racial and linguistic disparities. Clinicians beyond the primary care system are well-positioned to support children who jointly underuse government nutrition programs and primary care services.
Changes to Parental Consent Requirements for Abortion in Massachusetts and Impact on Timeliness of Care for Adolescents Aged 16 to 17 Years
Objectives. To measure the effect of the ROE Act on abortion timing for adolescents aged 16 to 17 years in Massachusetts. Methods. The primary outcome was gestational duration at abortion for individuals aged 16 to 19 years at Planned Parenthood League of Massachusetts from 2017 to 2022. Our control group included individuals aged 18 to 19 years undergoing abortions. In our primary analysis, we us...
Neuroinflammation and immunometabolism in neurodegenerative diseases
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Immunometabolism is an emerging field of research investigating the ability of immune cells to modulate their metabolic activity for optimal function. While this has been extensively examined in peripheral immune cells like macrophages, only recently have these studies been extended to assess the immunometabolic activity of microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain.
Weight-based determination of administered activity in 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT in infants: are minimum administered activities necessary?
CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the adequacy of image quality of ^(99m)Tc-DMSA SPECT examinations using a strict weight-based dosage compared to using the recommended minimum dosage for infants as small as 3 kg.
The epigenetic landscape shapes smoking-induced mutagenesis by modulating DNA damage susceptibility and repair efficiency
Lung cancer sequencing efforts have uncovered mutational signatures that are attributed to exposure to the cigarette smoke carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene. Benzo[a]pyrene metabolizes in cells to benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) and reacts with guanine nucleotides to form bulky BPDE adducts. These DNA adducts block transcription and replication, compromising cell function and survival, and are repaired...
Unveiling the genetic networks: Exploring the dynamic interaction of photosynthetic phenotypes in woody plants across varied light gradients
Understanding the mechanisms by which genes control and regulate complex quantitative traits during periods of fluctuating resources remains a challenging and uncertain task in photosynthesis studies. Most studies have focused on the structure of photosynthesis, the photosynthetic response under stress, or the genetic mechanisms involved in photosynthetic effects and neglected the interactive gene...
A Quality Improvement Initiative to Optimize Follow-Up in the New England Area for Pediatric Patients With Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CIEDs have poor compliance with regular follow-up. Patients have a limited response to automated measures (texts/emails). Personal phone calls had the greatest impact in improving compliance.
Outcomes of the ROSE Sustainment (ROSES) Study, a sequential multiple assignment randomized implementation trial to determine the minimum necessary intervention to sustain a postpartum depression prevention program in agencies serving low-income pregnant people
CONCLUSIONS: The cost of agency-wide ROSE implementation is far less than the cost of a single untreated case of PPD ($33,484). We suggest implementing ROSE through thorough training and written sustainment planning. For agencies not sustaining, adding monthly support can promote sustainment and improve reach.
Comprehensive normalization and binary classification methods for enhanced sensitivity and reproducibility in Luminex assay quantitation
The Luminex assay is a powerful tool for large-scale quantitation of antibody levels and cytokines, but its utility can be limited by issues of specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The corrections for background fluorescence and machine drift are essential steps in the normalization process. However, traditional methods often oversimplify these steps, failing to account for the complexit...
"What Program Directors Think" VI: Results of the 2024 Survey of the APDR Part 1
CONCLUSION: Survey results find preference signaling in ERAS® useful and support the recent increase in the number of signals using the two-tiered system. PDs see no significant difference in applicant competitiveness in the gold and silver signal cohorts. Other information in the ERAS supplemental application, such as applicants' geographic preferences and meaningful experiences, are most impactf...
Study protocol of a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation multisite trial: Dialectical behavior therapy skills Group for Veterans at high-risk for suicide attempt
CONCLUSIONS: This study will provide evidence for DBT-SG effectiveness for veterans at high risk for suicide and information about barriers and facilitators to support more widespread facilitation of implementing adjunctive DBT-SG in VHA if it is found effective.
A systematic survey of TF function in E. coli suggests RNAP stabilization is a prevalent strategy for both repressors and activators
Transcription factors (TFs) are often classified as activators or repressors, yet these context-dependent labels are inadequate to predict quantitative profiles that emerge across different promoters. A mechanistic understanding of how different regulatory sequences shape TF function is challenging due to the lack of systematic genetic control in endogenous genes. To address this, we use a library...
Disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis and kidney function decline: a large prospective registry study
CONCLUSIONS: Higher RA disease activity was associated with accelerated eGFR decline and increased risk of clinically relevant kidney dysfunction. Future intervention studies should attempt to replicate the association between RA disease activity and eGFR.
Multi-level socioeconomic modifiers of the comorbidity of post-traumatic stress and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use: the importance of income
CONCLUSIONS: Household income had greater evidence of effect modification for substance use, compared to neighborhood-level ADI. Our findings demonstrate that household indicators of socioeconomic status likely modify the relationship between PTS and substance use.
Lymphatic messengers: Non-antigen soluble mediators from diseased tissues to draining lymph nodes
Tissues deliver not only antigens and cells via afferent lymphatics to draining lymph nodes during immune responses but also deliver soluble molecules that reflect the state of the tissue. In autoimmune diseases, these signals from affected tissues can potentially impact the magnitude or other characteristics of autoimmune responses generated in lymph nodes. Here, we highlight recent studies illus...
Rhodoquinone carries electrons in the mammalian electron transport chain
Ubiquinone (UQ), the only known electron carrier in the mammalian electron transport chain (ETC), preferentially delivers electrons to the terminal electron acceptor oxygen (O(2)). In hypoxia, ubiquinol (UQH(2)) diverts these electrons onto fumarate instead. Here, we identify rhodoquinone (RQ), an electron carrier detected in mitochondria purified from certain mouse and human tissues that preferen...
Using routinely available electronic health record data elements to develop and validate a digital divide risk score
CONCLUSION: Using these markers, health care systems could target interventions and implementation strategies to support equitable patient access to digital health.
The Shift to Over-the-Counter Diagnostic Testing After RADx: Clinical, Regulatory, and Societal Implications
The National Institutes of Health's Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) program answered the call to accelerate the development of point-of-care (POC) and over-the-counter (OTC) COVID-19 tests. The widespread availability and access to self-tests has increased the public's familiarity and acceptance of at-home diagnostics. This paper examines the current state of OTC diagnostic testing, discu...
NLRP3-mediated glutaminolysis controls microglial phagocytosis to promote Alzheimer's disease progression
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) via the release of IL-1β and ASC specks. However, whether NLRP3 is involved in pathways beyond this remained unknown. Here, we found that Aβ deposition in vivo directly triggered NLRP3 activation in APP/PS1 mice, which model many features of AD. Loss of NLRP3 increased glutamine- and glutamate-...
Paradigm shift in early detection: Lung cancer screening to comprehensive CT screening
Large-scale lung cancer screening implementation combined with improvements in early detection techniques for three major tobacco-related diseases presents a rare opportunity to markedly improve population health outcomes for millions of people. Chest CT enables routine detection of early lung cancer as well as characterizing coronary calcium and detecting early emphysema in the course of lung can...
Cellular effects and orientation of immobilized immunoglobulin are correlated to the charge-mediated influence of the antibody variable region
Ligand binding to a cell receptor often insufficiently triggers cellular immune responses. Receptor clustering through cross-linking occurs when a ligand binds to two or more receptors, amplifying cellular responses. This is required in certain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including effector mechanism activation [binding to fragment crystallizable receptors (FcRs)] or acting as agonists for thera...
Back To Top ▲
Close
Basic Research
Basic Research
Limited Submissions
UMass Chan Early Independence Fellows Program
Research Computing Office
Clinical Research
Investigator resources
Investigator resources
Research Compliance
Research Cores
Sponsored Programs
Voucher Program
Education
Careers
Additional Resources
Intranet