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Sexually dimorphic neural circuits play a critical role in shaping sex-specific animal behaviors. Maps of the structural dimorphisms in these circuits have been explored by analyzing "synaptic connectomes," electron micrograph reconstructions of synaptic connectivity. Nevertheless, recent studies in C. elegans have shown little to no correlation between the synaptic connectome and dynamic neural a...

CONCLUSION: Neuropsychiatric diagnosis did not correlate with risk for ruptured appendicitis. The presence of a communication barrier in those with a neuropsychiatric diagnosis, however, is associated with an increased risk of appendiceal rupture.

CONCLUSION: Individuals in larger bodies report negative experiences related to their weight when engaging in prenatal care. An obstetric intervention focused on optimizing physical and mental well-being through a weight-inclusive lens may be a method for improving obstetric experience of individuals in larger bodies and was well received by all participants.

Sandhoff disease (SD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by the absence of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (Hex) and subsequent accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in lysosomes. Previous studies have led to the development of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-delivered gene therapy for children with GM2 gangliosidosis in both expanded access and phase 1/2 clinical trials through intrathalamic ...

CONCLUSION: Small WEBs demonstrated lower retreatment, superior anatomic and comparable clinical outcomes compared with large devices, with similar safety profiles.

CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with COPD, treatment with tozorakimab resulted in a significantly lower rate of moderate or severe exacerbations than placebo in the cohort of former smokers and in the overall population of current and former smokers. (Funded by AstraZeneca; OBERON ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05166889; TITANIA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05158387.).

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hospital-to-home transitions constitute vulnerable periods during which health systems increasingly rely on unpaid care partners to help care recipients execute discharge plans. We examine how mutuality and incongruence within care partner-care recipient dyads may shape discharge preparedness and dyadic self-efficacy during care transitions.

CONCLUSIONS: Latin American AYAs with melanoma had less aggressive tumor characteristics and received less systemic therapy compared to middle-aged patients, yet demonstrated better EFS and OS rates across all age groups. Therefore, younger age is not a risk factor for worse survival outcomes. Given the relatively high frequency of stage IV disease in AYAs, it is crucial to develop strategies for ...

CONCLUSIONS: MIH offers a community-based approach to patient-centered acute care for adults with IDD. Successful implementation will require coordinated strategies addressing clinical, operational, and policy barriers, emphasizing interprofessional collaboration and sustainable reimbursement mechanisms to support long-term adoption.

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Marine organisms exhibit 12.4-h rhythms of gene expression, physiology, and behavior synchronized by tidal cues. The mechanism underlying these circatidal rhythms, and its overlap with the circadian clockwork, has remained elusive. However, recent studies showed that the core circadian gene BMAL1 sustains circatidal behavior in crustaceans. Therefore, we mutagenized the other three core circadian ...

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Breast cancer stemness drives tumor progression and therapy resistance, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we observed that RBM38 expression gradually decreases during breast cancer progression in MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice. Using a model with targeted RBM38 expression in breast tissue, we found it suppressed tumor initiation, decreased tumor size and metastasis,...

Although azacitidine (AZA) and decitabine (DEC) demonstrate comparable efficacy in AML, prior data suggest that DEC may induce deeper TP53 mutation clearance and higher response rates; however, direct comparisons in TP53-mutant (TP53-MT) AML are lacking. We conducted a large multicenter retrospective analysis to compare outcomes between DEC- and AZA-based induction, including combinations with ven...

Transcriptional-enhanced associate (TEA)/transcriptional enhanced factor (TEF) domain transcription factors (TEAD1-4) regulate the transcriptional output of Hippo signaling by interacting with the coactivators Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and play a crucial role in animal development and tumorigenesis. Much of the regulation of the TEAD-...

CONCLUSION: The predictors identified in this study may help guide management when 2 or 3 of the primary treatment options carry clinical equipoise.

CONCLUSIONS: D+DST was noninferior to D+TLIF at 2 years, supporting its effectiveness in treating Grade I DS+stenosis.

CONCLUSIONS: While nominal compensation rose, inflation-adjusted compensation and protected time for EUS leaders declined even as programs and billing expanded. This provides important data for individual and program benchmarking.

Leptin, an adipokine primarily secreted by adipose tissue, has been implicated in tumor progression by regulating angiogenesis. Leptin also plays a key role in tumor vascularization by promoting vasculogenic mimicry (VM). During tumor progression, leptin activates several signaling pathways, including the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. This study aimed to determine whether leptin promotes an...

CONCLUSION: This study indicates that rural and urban caregivers' interest in services is similar; however, rural veterans receive fewer HCBS than their urban counterparts. This study highlights potential gaps in the service pathway for rural caregivers. It provides insights into which specific services might benefit from targeted interventions to improve access and utilization for veterans in rur...

Huntington's disease (HD) is marked by progressive neuronal loss and atrophy of grey matter structures, particularly the caudate and putamen. Brain imaging studies reveal that the white matter starts to decay in the brain of individuals bearing the HD mutation many years before symptomatic onset. However, the mechanism by which the HD mutation causes white matter loss remains to be further defined...

CONCLUSION: Signal yield was independently associated with match success. Applicants from the 2025 cycle ranked in-person interview programs at higher average positions on their rank lists than virtual programs. In 2026, there was a substantial return to in-person interviews.

CONCLUSIONS: Adults with CD in Puerto Rico exhibited poor diet quality that was associated with gut microbial diversity and exploratory differences in clinical outcomes. While these findings support the influence of diet on the microbiome and clinical outcomes, larger longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether dietary improvements can influence disease outcomes this underrepresented popu...

Frailty predicts adverse outcomes in kidney transplant candidates, but it remains unclear whether different frailty tools identify the same or distinct at-risk patients. In this retrospective cohort study, 953 kidney transplant candidates listed between 2018 and 2022 underwent frailty assessment using both the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, Weight Loss (FRAIL) scale screening and the ...

CONCLUSIONS: While incarcerated, patient MOUD preferences are informed by several factors spanning social-ecological levels that allow MOUD receipt with more ease (i.e., quicker receipt at intake) and flexibility (i.e., dose changes), and fewer negative interpersonal and individual experiences (i.e., poor interactions, withdrawal, side effects). Patient-guided treatment adaptations have the potent...

CONCLUSION: Clinical features alone may be predictive in identifying a subset of patients with SBO who require emergent operative management. Future research is needed to refine these predictive models and develop scoring systems that incorporate other diagnostic modalities, such as ultrasound, to both diagnose SBO and identify low-risk patient populations. Patients identified as low risk based on...

CONCLUSION: Nursing cognitive work arises from nurses' existing knowledge, available information, and cognitive capacity. It is characterized by complex, nonlinear, dynamic, and multidimensional cognitive processes. Cognitive work has consequences for the development of nursing knowledge and expertise, nurses' mental strain and emotional exhaustion, and nurses' ability to provide safe, high-qualit...

Despite advancements in psychiatry, individuals with serious mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder, experience long-term and severe impairment in their social and occupational functioning, low rates of recovery, and mortality rates significantly higher than the general population. Current therapeutic and pharmacological treatments are vital bu...

There is a global syndemic of HIV, mental health challenges, substance use, and structural barriers. Critical to local HIV prevention efforts is understanding this syndemic in the context of rising stimulant use to inform intervention development. Adhering to the EPIS model, we conducted 32 in-depth individual qualitative interviews with people who use stimulants and have unmet structural needs to...